See chesen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "choose"
},
"expansion": "English: choose",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: choose"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chuise",
"3": "cheese"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chuise, cheese",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chuise, cheese"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċēosan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċēosan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*keusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *keusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*keusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *keusaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵews-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ċēosan, from Proto-West Germanic *keusan, from Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.\nThe variant with /eː/ shows the regular development of the Old English diphthong. The variant with /oː/ (the source of the modern form) is from an unattested Old English variant in which the stress was shifted to the second element of the diphthong. Compare with a similar development in shoten, which has /eː/ and /oː/ after a palatal consonant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "chesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to chesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chees",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chees",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cheseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chees",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ychosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ychose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "coren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycoren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "core",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "corn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycorn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "chesen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ches",
"2": "chees",
"2a": "chas",
"3": "chos",
"4": "chos",
"4a": "cor",
"class": "2",
"p_part5": "corn",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To choose; to select:",
"To elect; to choose for an office."
],
"id": "en-chesen-enm-verb-WnX2D5Yu",
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"select",
"select"
],
[
"elect",
"elect"
],
[
"office",
"office"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 23 4 31 31 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 23 6 27 27 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 42 5 22 22 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 37 30 14 14 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "enm:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To choose; to select:",
"To choose to do."
],
"id": "en-chesen-enm-verb-fTQXNmr-",
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"select",
"select"
],
[
"do",
"do"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 43 20 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Children",
"orig": "enm:Children",
"parents": [
"Youth",
"Age",
"People",
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prefer; to desire."
],
"id": "en-chesen-enm-verb-zhxdHp2p",
"links": [
[
"prefer",
"prefer"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 23 4 31 31 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 23 6 27 27 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pick up; to acquire:",
"To adopt (an orphan)"
],
"id": "en-chesen-enm-verb-pXKzc8l3",
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
],
[
"adopt",
"adopt"
],
[
"orphan",
"orphan#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 23 4 31 31 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 23 6 27 27 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pick up; to acquire:",
"To pick out; to distinguish."
],
"id": "en-chesen-enm-verb-IW06DPEs",
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
],
[
"distinguish",
"distinguish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 12 9 13 13 48",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Travel",
"orig": "enm:Travel",
"parents": [
"Human activity",
"Transport",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To travel; to go."
],
"id": "en-chesen-enm-verb-gY6LRN74",
"links": [
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃeːzən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃoːzən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chees"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheese"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheesen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chese"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chesyn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheose"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheys"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chiese"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chiesen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chyese"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chose"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chuse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cheosen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"sense": "early",
"word": "cesen"
}
],
"word": "chesen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 2 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Children",
"enm:Directives",
"enm:Travel"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "choose"
},
"expansion": "English: choose",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: choose"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "chuise",
"3": "cheese"
},
"expansion": "Scots: chuise, cheese",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: chuise, cheese"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ċēosan"
},
"expansion": "Old English ċēosan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*keusan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *keusan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*keusaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *keusaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵews-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English ċēosan, from Proto-West Germanic *keusan, from Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.\nThe variant with /eː/ shows the regular development of the Old English diphthong. The variant with /oː/ (the source of the modern form) is from an unattested Old English variant in which the stress was shifted to the second element of the diphthong. Compare with a similar development in shoten, which has /eː/ and /oː/ after a palatal consonant.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "chesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to chesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chees",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chesest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chees",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cheseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chees",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chas",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chesen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cheseth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chese",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chesynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chesende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "chosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ychosen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "chose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ychose",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "coren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycoren",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "core",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycore",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "corn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ycorn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "chesen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ches",
"2": "chees",
"2a": "chas",
"3": "chos",
"4": "chos",
"4a": "cor",
"class": "2",
"p_part5": "corn",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To choose; to select:",
"To elect; to choose for an office."
],
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"select",
"select"
],
[
"elect",
"elect"
],
[
"office",
"office"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To choose; to select:",
"To choose to do."
],
"links": [
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"select",
"select"
],
[
"do",
"do"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To prefer; to desire."
],
"links": [
[
"prefer",
"prefer"
],
[
"desire",
"desire"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To pick up; to acquire:",
"To adopt (an orphan)"
],
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
],
[
"adopt",
"adopt"
],
[
"orphan",
"orphan#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To pick up; to acquire:",
"To pick out; to distinguish."
],
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
],
[
"distinguish",
"distinguish"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To travel; to go."
],
"links": [
[
"travel",
"travel"
],
[
"go",
"go"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃeːzən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃoːzən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chees"
},
{
"word": "cheese"
},
{
"word": "cheesen"
},
{
"word": "chese"
},
{
"word": "chesyn"
},
{
"word": "cheose"
},
{
"word": "cheys"
},
{
"word": "chiese"
},
{
"word": "chiesen"
},
{
"word": "chyese"
},
{
"word": "chose"
},
{
"word": "chuse"
},
{
"sense": "early",
"word": "cesen"
},
{
"word": "cheosen"
}
],
"word": "chesen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chesen meaning in Middle English (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.